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Hemokapron 500 mg Tablets

📌 Description:

  • Tablet Form: White, oval-shaped, unscored

  • Active Ingredient: Tranexamic Acid – 650 mg per tablet

  • Inactive Ingredients:

    • Microcrystalline cellulose

    • Colloidal silicon dioxide

    • Pregelatinized corn starch

    • Povidone

    • Hypromellose

    • Stearic acid

    • Magnesium stearate

📌 Indications

  • For the treatment of cyclic heavy menstrual bleeding not caused by endometrial pathology

  • ❌ Not a hormone

  • ❌ Not a form of birth control

  • ❌ Does not treat other menstrual or pre-menstrual symptoms

💊 Dosage & Administration

  • Standard dose: 1300 mg (2 tablets) 3 times daily

  • Maximum duration: 5 days per menstrual cycle

  • ✅ Can be taken with or without food

  • 🚫 Do not chew or crush tablets

🧮 Dose Adjustments – Renal Impairment

Serum Creatinine (mg/dL)DosageTotal Daily Dose
>1.4 and ≤ 2.81300 mg twice daily2600 mg
>2.8 and ≤ 5.71300 mg once daily1300 mg
>5.7650 mg once daily650 mg

❌ Contraindications

  • Active or history of thromboembolic disease

  • Retinal vein or artery occlusion

  • Known hypersensitivity to tranexamic acid

⚠️ Warnings & Precautions

  • 🚭 Increased thrombotic risk with hormonal contraceptives, smoking, or obesity

  • 👁 Discontinue immediately if any visual symptoms occur

  • 🚑 Stop and seek medical attention for allergic reactions

  • 🧠 Do not use in women with subarachnoid hemorrhage (risk of cerebral edema/infarction)

  • 👁️ Ligneous conjunctivitis may occur

🔄 Mechanism of Action

  • Tranexamic acid inhibits fibrinolysis by blocking lysine-binding sites on plasminogen

  • This prevents fibrin degradation, stabilizing clots and reducing bleeding

🧬 Pharmacokinetics

➕ Absorption

  • Bioavailability: ~45%

  • Peak (Tmax): ~3 hours after oral dose

  • With food: Slight increase in absorption (Cmax ↑7%, AUC ↑16%)

🧪 Distribution

  • Protein binding: ~3%

  • Distributed to cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humor (~10% of plasma)

🔄 Metabolism

  • Minimal metabolism (small amount into dicarboxylic acid and acetylated form)

🚽 Excretion

  • 95% excreted unchanged in urine via glomerular filtration

  • Half-life: ~11 hours

  • Clearance: 110–116 mL/min

⚠️ Drug Interactions

  • Hormonal contraceptives: ↑ risk of thrombosis

  • Tissue plasminogen activators: ↓ efficacy of both drugs

  • Factor IX complex / Anti-inhibitor coagulants: ⚠️ Risk of thrombosis

  • All-trans retinoic acid (oral tretinoin): Caution in APL due to procoagulant effects

🚨 Serious Side Effects (Stop Immediately & Seek Help)

  • Allergic reaction: hives, swelling, breathing difficulty

  • Visual disturbances (including color vision)

  • Sudden numbness/weakness

  • Slurred speech or confusion

  • Chest pain or shortness of breath

  • Leg swelling/pain

⛔ Do NOT Use If:

  • On higher-than-approved dose of hormonal contraceptives

  • Have bleeding of unknown cause

  • Have history of clotting disorders without medical clearance

🔁 Missed Dose

  • Take as soon as remembered

  • Skip if close to next dose — ❌ Do not double the dose

🧊 Storage

  • Store at 25°C (77°F)

  • Permissible range: 15–30°C (59–86°F)

  • ❌ Do not store in bathroom

  • 🚸 Keep out of reach of children and pets

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Sonsept Solution

📌 Description:

A unique vaginal care solution that combines natural and chemical components to provide maximum hygiene and protection with effective antiseptic properties.

🧪 Key Ingredients:

  • Chlorhexidine Gluconate:
    Broad-spectrum antiseptic effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

  • Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB):
    A synthetic surfactant that soothes irritation and has antiseptic action.

  • Methylparaben:
    Antifungal agent.

  • Propylparaben:
    Provides a cooling effect and calming sensation.

💡 Dosage and Administration:

  • Apply 2 to 3 times daily or as directed by your doctor.

📦 Packaging:

  • Supplied in a 200 ml plastic bottle.

⚠️ Side Effects:

  • No reported side effects.

🔔 Warnings:

  • Avoid contact with eyes and ears.
    Chlorhexidine, in high concentrations, can cause damage to these organs.
    However, it is safe in low concentrations such as those found in some contact lens solutions.

 

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Thyment Solution

📌 Description:

An antiseptic and cleansing solution for female intimate care. Designed for external use only, combining natural extracts and active ingredients to provide hygiene, protection, and comfort.

🧪 Composition:

  • Chamomile Extract

  • Thyme Extract

  • Triclosan

  • Camphor

  • Menthol

  • Cocamidopropyl Betaine

✨ Properties:

  • Potent antibacterial, antifungal, and biocidal activity

  • Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and soothing effects

  • Restores natural acidic pH and supports the body’s natural defenses

  • Relieves itching and pain

  • Eliminates unpleasant odors and discharge

  • Provides cooling and refreshing sensation

  • Maintains moisture balance and healthy pH

  • Helps eliminate vaginal pathogens

📌 Indications:

  • Non-specific vaginitis

  • Itching and inflammation

  • Abnormal discharge and unpleasant odor

  • Mixed vaginal infections

  • Personal hygiene, especially after menstruation

  • Postpartum care

  • Pre-operative preparation

🧪 Application:

  • Can be used directly or diluted, based on doctor’s recommendation

  • For external use only

⚠️ Side Effects:

  • No reported side effects

🚫 Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity to any of the active ingredients

📦 Packaging:

  • 200 ml plastic bottle

📦 Storage:

  • Store at room temperature

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Sonfree Lotion

📌 Description:

A topical antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, soothing, and anti-histaminic preparation designed to relieve skin irritation, itching, rashes, and other inflammatory skin conditions.

🧪 Composition:

  • Zinc Oxide – Antiseptic and astringent; forms a protective barrier on skin

  • Chamomile Extract – Potent anti-inflammatory with antibacterial & antifungal effects; provides a calming sensation

  • Aloe Extract – Soothing, moisturizing, healing; reduces inflammation

  • Calendula Extract – Anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties

  • Dimethicone – Moisturizer that treats dry, scaly, and itchy skin

  • Panthenol (Vitamin B5) – Hydrating, anti-inflammatory; promotes healing of sunburns and minor wounds

  • Olive Oil – Antioxidant and soothing effects

✨ Properties:

  • Soothes skin and relieves itching

  • Forms a protective barrier over damaged skin

  • Acts as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and moisturizer

  • Promotes skin healing and hydration

📌 Indications:

Used to relieve and manage:

  • Skin urticaria (hives)

  • Rashes, sunburn, and sweat rash

  • Diaper rash

  • Itching from allergic reactions (food, drugs)

  • Insect bites

  • Contact dermatitis

  • Chickenpox-related skin rash (Varicella zoster)

🧪 Dosage & Application:

  • Apply to the affected area 2–3 times daily or as directed by a physician

  • Gently massage into the skin

⚠️ Contraindications:

  • No reported side effects

  • Avoid use if known hypersensitivity to any ingredient

🔔 Warnings:

  • For external use only

  • Keep out of reach of children

📦 Packaging:

  • Bottle contains 120 ml of lotion

📦 Storage:

  • Store at 15–30°C

  • Keep away from direct light and moisture

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Helo Cream

📌 Description:

A safe and gentle topical cream formulated to heal, soothe, and protect the skin. Especially effective for sensitive and irritated skin in both adults and babies.

✨ Indications:

  • Diaper rash (napkin dermatitis)

  • Scaled skin

  • Fissured nipples (for nursing mothers)

  • Minor burns and sunburns

  • Insect bites

  • Wound infections

🧪 Application:

For Adults:

  • Apply a thin layer 2–3 times daily or as recommended by a physician.

For Children and Babies (Diaper Rash):

  • Apply a protective layer to the affected area after each diaper change.

  • Especially important at sleep time when exposure to moisture is longer.

  • Change wet or soiled diapers as soon as possible, especially after feedings.

📦 Packaging:

  • Plastic tube containing 50 gm of cream

⚠️ Side Effects:

  • No reported side effects

🚫 Contraindications:

  • Do not use in case of hypersensitivity to any of the cream’s components

 

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Sonakto cream

📌 Description:

Sonakto is a natural topical cream formulated to relieve anal itching, piles, and anal fissures. It contains a blend of powerful healing, anti-inflammatory, and soothing ingredients.

🧪 Key Ingredients & Their Benefits:

  • Chamomile Extract
    Potent anti-inflammatory with cortisone-like action (but without side effects), antibacterial, antifungal, and calming.

  • Panthenol (Vitamin B5)
    Supports skin repair and hydration; essential in cell metabolism and wound healing.

  • Vitamin E
    Strong antioxidant that aids in skin regeneration and protects tissues from damage.

  • H. Extract (Herbal Extract)
    Rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, known for healing and astringent effects.

  • Natural Local Anaesthetic Agents
    Improve blood flow to smooth muscles, relieve pain, and reduce sphincter spasm, especially in internal and external hemorrhoids.

📌 Indications:

  • Piles (Hemorrhoids)

  • Anal pruritus (itching)

  • Anal fissures

🧪 Dosage & Application:

  • Apply a small amount with a clean finger to the painful or itchy area

  • Use 2–3 times daily

  • Apply after each bowel movement or as directed by a physician

📦 Packaging:

  • Tube containing 50 gm of cream

⚠️ Contraindications & Warnings:

  • No reported side effects

  • Natural formulation

  • For external use only

📦 Storage:

  • Store at room temperature

  • Keep away from children and direct sunlight

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White Girl Cream

📌 Description:

An effective natural skin-whitening cream with anti-oxidant, moisturizing, softening, anti-aging, and sun-protective properties. Helps lighten pigmentation and rejuvenate skin.

🌿 Active Ingredients:

  • Liquorice Extract
    Rich in Glycyrrhizic acid, Glycyrrhizin, Liquiritin, Glabridin

    • Glycyrrhizic acid: natural skin whitening agent

    • Glycyrrhizin: protects against UVB damage

    • Liquiritin: promotes skin turnover and depigmentation

    • Glabridin: inhibits melanin production by blocking tyrosinase activity

  • Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

    • Promotes collagen production

    • Strong antioxidant and photoprotector

    • Brightens skin and improves inflammatory skin conditions

  • Vitamin E

    • Lipid-soluble antioxidant

    • Prevents oxidative damage

    • Enhances protection when combined with Vitamin C against sun damage

  • Allantoin

    • Removes dead skin and supports regeneration

    • Soothes irritation and softens skin

    • Has keratolytic and astringent effects

  • Jojoba Oil

    • Balances oily skin and helps reduce acne

    • Moisturizes dry skin

  • Triethanolamine

    • Acts as pH adjuster and surfactant

  • Other Ingredients:
    Glycerin, Titanium dioxide, Perfume, Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben

🧪 Application Method:

  • Apply twice daily to darkened or hyperpigmented skin areas

📦 Packaging:

  • Tube contains 50 gm of cream

📦 Storage:

  • Store at room temperature

⚠️ Side Effects:

  • No reported side effects

🚫 Warnings:

  • For external use only

  • Keep out of reach of children

 

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U-Kerato Cream

📌 Description:

A therapeutic cream enriched with concentrated Urea, designed to restore moisture, soften dry, rough skin, and provide fast relief for cracked heels, elbows, and other severely dry areas. Recommended by dermatologists.

🌿 Key Ingredients:

  • Urea (high concentration):
    Softens and exfoliates rough, thickened skin

  • Birch Extract

  • Glycerin

  • Lanolin

These ingredients help dissolve Urea for a smoother, less chalky texture, improving skin penetration and user compliance.

✨ Properties & Action:

  • Softens and soothes distressed, dry skin

  • Fast-acting relief for cracked heels, elbows, and feet

  • Acts as a skin conditioner

  • Restores moisture balance

  • Provides a barrier against bacterial and fungal infections

  • Lightweight and non-greasy formula

📌 Recommended For:

  • Dermatitis

  • Psoriasis

  • Xerosis

  • Keratosis Pilaris

  • Ichthyosis

  • Eczema

  • Dry, rough, cracked skin

🧪 Directions for Use:

For Dry Skin:

  • Apply on the affected area

  • Massage gently until absorbed

  • Repeat 2–3 times daily

For Cracked Feet:

  1. Wash feet with warm water and dry

  2. Apply U-Kerato cream to affected areas twice daily

  3. Leave on for 15 minutes to dry

  4. For best results, wear cotton socks overnight to lock in moisture

📦 Packaging:

  • Available in 30 gm and 50 gm tubes

⚠️ Contraindications & Side Effects:

  • No reported side effects

  • Avoid contact with eyes

  • For external use only

📦 Storage:

  • Store at room temperature

  • Keep out of reach of children

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Quradent Mouthwash

📌 Description:

Quradent is a multifunctional mouthwash with bactericidal, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic, and cooling properties. It provides comprehensive oral care and hygiene.

🧪 Composition:

  • Chlorhexidine Gluconate

  • Eucalyptol

  • Thyme Extract

  • Menthol Crystals

  • Clove Oil

  • Methyl Paraben

  • Propyl Paraben

  • Glycerin

✅ Indications & Uses:

  • Disinfection of dental prosthesis

  • Prevention and treatment of:

    • Gingivitis

    • Periodontitis

    • Dental infections

    • Dental caries

    • Plaque and halitosis (bad breath)

    • Aphthous ulcers

    • Mouth ulcers and sore gums

    • Dental pain and toothache, especially from cavities

    • Dry socket pain relief

    • Aid in disinfection of surgical sites and wound healing

    • Oral candidiasis prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients and HIV-infected children

🧪 Method of Administration:

  • Adults & Children 12+ years:
    Swish 20 mL (4 tsp) for 30 seconds, then spit out — do not swallow

  • Children under 12 years:
    Consult a doctor or dentist

  • Note: This rinse is not a substitute for brushing or flossing

⚠️ Cautions:

  • Use after rinsing with water or 0.5–2 hours after brushing (due to interaction with toothpaste detergents like sodium lauryl sulfate)

  • Reduced efficacy in the presence of organic materials (blood, pus, serum)

  • Use with caution in bleeding disorders

  • Use during pregnancy/lactation only if absolutely necessary

🚫 Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine

  • Avoid contact with the middle ear

❗ Adverse Effects:

  • Tooth and restoration staining

  • Soft tissue staining and calculus buildup

  • Taste alteration, unpleasant taste, burning sensation

  • Mucosal irritation, peeling (desquamation)

  • May worsen chemotherapy-induced mucositis, xerostomia, or ulcerative oral conditions

📦 Storage:

  • Store at 15–25°C

  • Keep in a dark, dry place, away from children

🗓 Shelf Life:

  • 3 years

 

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Victor Cream

📌 Description:

Victor Cream is a natural massage cream used for the fast relief of pain and inflammation associated with rheumatic conditions, arthritis, muscle spasms, sprains, and lower back pain. It enhances blood circulation, reduces swelling, and soothes muscles.

🌿 Active Ingredients & Benefits:

  • Camphor:
    Acts as a counterirritant; increases blood flow and relieves pain and inflammation.

  • Lavender Oil:
    Used in aromatherapy; provides a calming scent that helps reduce muscle stress and anxiety.

  • Menthol:
    Activates cold receptors in the skin, offering fast cooling and pain relief.

  • Eucalyptus:
    Rubefacient effect; boosts blood flow and produces warmth, easing spasms and joint stiffness.

  • Chamomile Extract:
    Potent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal. Soothes and calms the skin naturally.

✅ Indications:

  • Rheumatic pain

  • Muscle spasms

  • Arthritis

  • Sciatica and lumbago

  • Lower back pain

  • Sprains

  • Neck pain

🧪 Dosage & Application:

  • Apply to the affected area 2–3 times daily

  • Massage gently or as directed by a physician

📦 Packaging:

  • Available in tubes of 50 gm and 75 gm

⚠️ Contraindications & Warnings:

  • No reported side effects

  • For external use only

  • Keep out of reach of children

🧊 Storage:

  • Store at 15–30°C

  • Keep away from direct heat and sunlight

 

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Skivalorine Syrup

📌 Description:

Skivalorine is a non-drowsy antihistamine syrup used to relieve symptoms associated with allergies such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy/watery eyes, and skin hives.

  • Color: Clear orange liquid

  • Flavor: Bubble gum (natural & artificial)

  • Dye: FDC Yellow #6

🧪 Composition:

Active ingredient:

  • Desloratadine 2.5 mg / 5 mL

Inactive ingredients:

  • Propylene glycol

  • Sorbitol solution

  • Citric acid (anhydrous)

  • Sodium citrate

  • Sodium benzoate

  • Disodium edetate

  • Granulated sugar

  • Glycerin

  • Purified water

  • Flavoring agents

  • FDC Yellow #6

⚙️ Mechanism of Action:

Desloratadine is the active metabolite of loratadine and works by blocking histamine, a chemical responsible for allergic symptoms like sneezing, itching, and watery eyes.

✅ Uses / Indications:

  • Allergic rhinitis (seasonal or perennial)

  • Chronic urticaria (hives)

  • Sneezing

  • Watery or itchy eyes

  • Skin itching

  • Runny nose

  • Allergic skin reactions

🧪 Dosage & Administration:

Use a commercially available calibrated dropper or syringe for accurate dosing.

  • 6 to 11 months: 2 mL (1 mg) once daily

  • 1 to 5 years: 2.5 mL (1.25 mg) once daily

  • 6 to 11 years: 5 mL (2.5 mg) once daily

⚠️ No dosing data available for children with liver or kidney impairment.

⚠️ Precautions:

  • Inform your doctor if you have kidney or liver disease

  • Use with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding

  • Limit alcohol intake while using the medication

  • Use in children under medical supervision

  • May cause drowsiness in some people, especially when first taken

❗ Side Effects:

Common:

  • Dry mouth

  • Sore throat

  • Cough

  • Headache

  • Nausea

  • Indigestion

  • Dizziness

  • Fatigue

Serious (seek medical attention):

  • Rapid or irregular heartbeat

  • Yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)

  • Seizures

  • Swelling of face or throat

  • Rash, itching, difficulty breathing (signs of allergic reaction)

Reported during clinical use:

  • Tachycardia, palpitations

  • Anaphylaxis, psychomotor hyperactivity

  • Elevated liver enzymes, rare hepatitis

🚫 Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity to desloratadine or loratadine

📦 Storage:

  • Store at 25°C (77°F)

  • Excursions permitted between 15°–30°C (59°–86°F)

  • Protect from light

  • Keep out of reach of children

 

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Hemokapron 650 mg Tablets

📌 Description:

Hemokapron is a non-hormonal antifibrinolytic used to treat cyclic heavy menstrual bleeding (not related to endometrial pathology). It works by reducing the breakdown of blood clots, thereby decreasing menstrual blood loss.

🧪 Composition:

  • Tranexamic Acid (650 mg)

  • Microcrystalline Cellulose

  • Colloidal Silicon Dioxide

  • Pregelatinized Corn Starch

  • Povidone

  • Hypromellose

  • Stearic Acid

  • Magnesium Stearate

✅ Indications & Uses:

  • Treatment of cyclic heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)

  • Does not treat other menstrual symptoms

  • Not a hormone or birth control method

  • Does not prevent pregnancy or STDs

🧪 Method of Administration:

  • Recommended Dose: 1300 mg (two 650 mg tablets) three times daily

  • Maximum Duration: 5 days during menstruation

  • Can be taken with or without food

  • Tablets should be swallowed whole — do not chew or break

⚠️ Cautions:

  • Use with caution in renal impairment — dosage must be adjusted based on serum creatinine

  • Avoid in active thromboembolic disease or history of thrombosis

  • Use with extreme caution if on hormonal contraceptives — increases risk of clotting

  • Discontinue immediately if visual disturbances or allergic reactions occur

  • Use with caution in patients with bleeding in the brain, clotting disorders, or irregular uterine bleeding

  • Not to be used in pregnancy unless clearly needed

🚫 Contraindications:

  • Active or history of thromboembolic disease

  • Retinal artery or vein occlusion

  • Known hypersensitivity to tranexamic acid

❗ Adverse Effects:

  • Visual disturbances (including color vision changes)

  • Thrombotic events (stroke, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)

  • Allergic reactions: hives, swelling, difficulty breathing

  • Neurological symptoms: sudden numbness, confusion, speech problems

  • Chest pain, leg pain/swelling

🧬 Pharmacokinetics:

  • Absorption: ~45% bioavailability; Tmax ~3 hours

  • Distribution: Low protein binding (~3%), distributes to CSF and aqueous humor

  • Metabolism: Minimally metabolized

  • Excretion: >95% excreted unchanged in urine; half-life ~11 hours

💊 Renal Dose Adjustments:

Serum Creatinine (mg/dL)DosageTotal Daily Dose
>1.4 – ≤2.81300 mg twice daily2600 mg/day
>2.8 – ≤5.71300 mg once daily1300 mg/day
>5.7650 mg once daily650 mg/day

🧴 Drug Interactions:

  • Hormonal contraceptives → 🚫↑ thrombotic risk

  • Tissue plasminogen activators → ⬇️ efficacy

  • Factor IX or anti-inhibitor coagulants → 🚫 ↑ thrombosis risk

  • Oral tretinoin (for APL) → caution due to procoagulant effects

📦 Storage:

  • Store at 25°C (77°F); permitted range: 15–30°C (59–86°F)

  • Keep away from children, pets, and moisture

  • ❌ Do not store in the bathroom

🗓 Shelf Life:

  • Use before expiry date printed on packaging

  • No specific shelf life mentioned — refer to product label

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Hemokapron Ampoule

📌 Description:

Hemokapron Ampoule contains Tranexamic Acid 100 mg/mL (10% IV solution). It is an antifibrinolytic used for managing bleeding disorders by inhibiting fibrin clot degradation, especially in surgical or trauma-related scenarios.

🧪 Composition:

  • Tranexamic Acid 100 mg/mL

  • Each ampoule contains 5 mL

  • Packaging: Box of 5 ampoules

✅ Indications & Uses:

  • Short-term use in hemophilia to prevent/treat hemorrhage after dental extraction

  • Systemic hyperfibrinolysis (e.g. leukemia, aplastic anemia, purpura, surgical bleeding)

  • Local hyperfibrinolysis (e.g. pulmonary hemorrhage, epistaxis, renal bleeding, vaginal bleeding, prostate surgery)

  • Relief of symptoms in:

    • Eczema, urticaria, drug eruptions

    • Tonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis

    • Stomatitis (pain, ulcers, mucosal aphtha)

🧪 Dosage & Administration:

  • IV/IM Injection (Adults):
    → 250–500 mg once or twice daily (2.5–5 mL)

  • During/after surgery:
    → 500–1000 mg IV (5–10 mL) or
    → 500–2500 mg IV infusion (5–25 mL)

  • Adjust dosage based on age, weight, and clinical condition

  • Administer slowly via IV or with care via IM to avoid complications

⚠️ Cautions:

  • Monitor patients with:

    • Thrombosis or risk of thrombosis (e.g. stroke, MI, thrombophlebitis)

    • Coagulopathy (use with heparin)

    • Post-op immobility or compression therapy

    • Renal impairment (risk of accumulation)

  • Avoid rapid IV injection: may cause nausea, chest discomfort, hypotension, palpitations

🚫 Contraindications:

  • Active intravascular clotting

  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage

  • Acquired defective color vision

  • Avoid coadministration with:

    • Thrombin

    • Hemocoagulase

    • Batroxobin

    • Coagulation factor agents (e.g. eptacog-alfa)

❗ Adverse Effects:

  • Most common (rare):

    • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia

    • Drowsiness

  • Serious:

    • Shock (monitor closely)

    • Hypersensitivity (itching, rash)

    • Transient color vision changes

    • Headache, dizziness

👴 Use in Elderly:

  • Start with lower doses

  • Monitor closely due to decreased physiological reserve

👶 Use in Children:

  • Caution in neonates, infants, and premature babies

  • Rotate IM injection sites and avoid nerve/tissue injury

🔧 Special Administration Precautions:

  • Use alcohol swab to clean ampoule before opening

  • Use "one-point-cut" ampoule method for safe handling

  • Avoid injection if intense pain or blood backflow occurs — choose new site

🧬 Pharmacological Class:

  • Plasminogen Activation Inhibitor

  • Inhibits fibrinolysis → stabilizes blood clots

📦 Packaging:

  • Box contains 5 ampoules, each ampoule = 5 mL (100 mg/mL)

📦 Storage & Handling:

  • Store in a cool, dry place

  • Protect from light

  • Keep out of reach of children

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Bactonorin Vial

📌 Description:

Bactonorin Vial is an injectable antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections. It is administered either intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM), depending on the condition being treated.

🧪 Dosage & Administration:

👨‍⚕️ Adults:

  • 0.5 – 2 g/day via IV or IM, divided into 2 to 4 equal doses

  • May be increased up to 4 g/day in severe infections (e.g., septicemia)

👶 Children:

  • 40 – 80 mg/kg/day IV, divided into 3 to 4 equal doses

📉 Renal Impairment Dosage Adjustment:

Creatinine Clearance (mL/min)Adjusted Daily Dose
< 100.25 – 0.5 g
10 – 300.5 – 1.0 g
30 – 601.0 – 2.0 g

💉 Methods of Administration:

  • IM Injection:

    • Dissolve 0.5 g in 3 mL of solution containing local anesthetic (e.g. 0.5–2% lidocaine or mepivacaine)

  • IV Injection:

    • Dissolve 0.5 g or 1 g in:

      • Sterile water for injection

      • Isotonic sodium chloride

      • Dextrose for injection

    • Add ~3 mL for 0.5 g, and ~5 mL for 1 g

    • Further dilution: Use up to 20 mL total volume

  • IV Drip Infusion:

    • Single dose 0.5 – 2 g diluted in:

      • Glucose solution

      • Electrolyte solution

      • Amino acid preparation

    • Infuse over 30 minutes to 2 hours

    • ⚠️ Do not use sterile water alone — it’s not isotonic

🧬 Special Notes:

  • The vial is vacuum-sealed due to carbon dioxide release upon dilution.

  • Always ensure correct dilution before use.

📦 Packaging:

  • Glass vial containing dry powder for reconstitution

📦 Storage & Handling:

  • Store in a cool, dry place

  • Keep away from light and out of reach of children

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Amikaskiv Sulfate Injection

📌 Description:

Amikaskiv is an aminoglycoside antibiotic for short-term treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and is effective even against strains resistant to gentamicin or tobramycin.

✅ Indications & Uses

  • Septicemia (incl. neonatal)

  • Respiratory tract infections

  • CNS infections (e.g., meningitis)

  • Bone & joint infections

  • Skin and soft tissue infections

  • Intra-abdominal infections (peritonitis)

  • Burns and post-op infections

  • Complicated or recurrent UTIs

💉 Administration

  • Routes: IV or IM

  • Adults & older children: 15 mg/kg/day (divided q8h or q12h)

  • Neonates: 10 mg/kg loading dose, then 7.5 mg/kg q12h

  • Max daily dose: 1.5 g/day

  • IV Infusion: over 30–60 minutes

📊 Dosage Guidelines (Normal Renal Function)

Weight (kg)q12h (7.5mg/kg)q8h (5mg/kg)
50375 mg250 mg
60450 mg300 mg
70525 mg350 mg
80600 mg400 mg
90675 mg450 mg
100750 mg500 mg

⚠️ Cautions

  • Monitor renal function & auditory toxicity

  • Avoid in:

    • Neuromuscular disorders (e.g. Myasthenia Gravis)

    • Severe dehydration

    • Elderly without renal monitoring

  • Use cautiously with ototoxic/nephrotoxic drugs

🚫 Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to amikaskiv or aminoglycosides

  • Sulfite allergy

  • Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed

❗ Adverse Effects

  • Hearing loss (high frequency), dizziness, tinnitus

  • Nephrotoxicity: ↑ creatinine, proteinuria

  • Rash, headache, paresthesia, GI upset

  • Rare: neuromuscular blockade, apnea, seizures

🧪 Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorbed rapidly IM

  • Peak serum levels: 30–90 min post dose

  • Half-life: ~2 hours (normal renal function)

  • Excretion: >90% unchanged in urine

  • Distribution: Bones, bile, lungs, CSF (↑ when meninges inflamed)

💊 Renal Dose Adjustments

  • Adjust dose or interval using creatinine clearance or serum creatinine

  • Suggested: Creatinine × 9 = interval (hours)

  • Reduce dose proportionally for fixed interval use

🔁 Drug Interactions

  • Avoid concurrent use with:

    • Ototoxic agents (e.g., vancomycin, furosemide)

    • Nephrotoxic agents (e.g., amphotericin B)

    • Beta-lactam antibiotics in same IV line

📦 Storage

  • Store at 15–30°C (59–86°F)

  • Pale yellow coloration is acceptable

  • Stable 24 hrs post dilution at room temp

🗓 Shelf Life

  • Use before expiry date

  • Follow label instructions after dilution/freeze/thaw cycles

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